Contractility-induced self-organization of smooth muscle cells: from multilayer cell sheets to dynamic three-dimensional clusters

Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are the main component of hollow organs and tissues. Abnormalities in SMCs exhibit a disrupted organization in many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, asthma and uterine fibroids. We use physical models to describe a spontaneous morphological transition in vitro.
Contractility-induced self-organization of smooth muscle cells: from multilayer cell sheets to dynamic three-dimensional clusters
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Aggregates formation and development with cells in suspension has been well studied. In this paper, we descripted the whole sequence of physical evens spontaneously formed cellular cluster with dewetting models. Our findings show that cluster formation occurs as a result of a series of physical events, the dynamics and underlying mechanisms of which we characterize by thicking of SMC clusters and their precursor structures (referred to as aggregates) as active liquid droplets.
Predictions from the model agree with observations and provide estimates of the material properties of SMC clusters. A population dynamics model that accounts for cluster formation and cluster fusion is used to describe the evolution of the number of clusters at the population level.

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